According to Newton's Second Law, how are force, mass, and acceleration related?

The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration as described by Newton's Second Law is accurately represented by the formula F = ma. This equation states that the force (F) acting on an object is equal to the mass (m) of that object multiplied by its acceleration (a).

In practical terms, this means that if you increase the mass of an object while applying the same amount of force, its acceleration will decrease. Conversely, if you apply more force to an object of the same mass, its acceleration will increase. This principle is fundamental in understanding how objects move and react to applied forces, providing a clear mathematical relationship between these three key concepts in physics.

The other options misrepresent the fundamental relationship defined by Newton's Second Law, which creates confusion about how to correctly calculate force in relation to mass and acceleration.