What does G-Force measure?

G-Force, or gravitational force, measures the acceleration experienced by an object due to gravity or any other force acting on it compared to the standard acceleration due to Earth's gravity. When we refer to G-Force, we are essentially describing how many times a force of gravity is acting on an object, which is typically expressed in multiples of "g," where 1g is equivalent to the acceleration due to gravity at the Earth's surface (approximately 9.81 m/s²).

In practical terms, G-Force is commonly experienced in situations like roller coasters, airplanes, and during car accelerations. For instance, when a vehicle accelerates quickly, the occupants may feel a force pushing them back into their seats, which is expressed in G-Forces relative to their body's resting weight.

The other options address different physical concepts unrelated to G-Force specifically. For example, velocity refers to the speed and direction of an object, distance pertains to how much ground the object has covered, and energy relates to the capacity of an object to do work, which involves both its mass and velocity but is not measured directly as G-Force. Thus, measuring G-Force specifically quantifies the effects of acceleration relative to gravitational pull.